Historical Gas Prices
Historically gas prices have fluctuated significantly. Sometimes it was up at $5 dollar range and it fell down to $2 dollar range. Here is a graph of some historical prices.
Year
1950-2005
1950
1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
PRICE PER GALLON
.27
.30
.31
.31
.35
.53
1.13
1.19
1.13
1.14
1.66
2.10
.30
.31
.31
.35
.53
1.13
1.19
1.13
1.14
1.66
2.10
INFLATION-
ADJUSTED PRICE
2.19
2.19
2.05
1.92
1.76
1.92
2.68
2.16
1.69
1.46
1.88
2.10
2.19
2.05
1.92
1.76
1.92
2.68
2.16
1.69
1.46
1.88
2.10
Some General Info
Gasoline is produced in refineries. The material, which is separated from crude oil through distillation, called virgin or straight gasoline, does not meet the required specifications for modern engines (in particular octane rating, see below), but will be part of the mixture. Historical Gas Prices
The main part of a typical gasoline consists of hydrocarbons at the age of 4 to 12 carbon atoms in a molecule [4].
Many of these hydrocarbons are considered hazardous substances and are regulated by the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Material Safety Data Sheet for unleaded gasoline shows at least fifteen hazardous chemicals occurring in various amounts. These include benzene (up to 5% by volume), toluene (up to 35% by volume), naphthalene (up to 1% by volume), trimethylbenzene (up to 7% by volume), MTBE (up to 18% by volume) and about a dozen others. [5] However, no additive MTBE to gasoline in some states. Historical Gas Prices Historically gas prices
The various refinery streams are mixed together to make gasoline, all have different characteristics. Some important streams are: Historical Gas Prices Historically gas prices
* Reformate, produced in a catalytic reformer with a high octane rating and high aromatic content, and very low olefins (alkenes).
* Cat Cracked Gasoline or Cat Cracked Naphtha, produced from a catalytic cracker, with a moderate octane rating, high olefins (alkene) content, as well as moderate levels of aromatics. Here, "cat" is an acronym for "CATALYTIC". Historically gas prices
* Hydrocrackate (heavy, medium and light), is produced from a hydrocracker, with medium-low octane rating and moderate aromatic levels. Historical Gas Prices
* Virgin or Straight-run Naphtha (has many names), directly from crude oil with low octane rating, low aromatics (depending on oil), some naphthenes (Cycloalkanes) and not olefins (alkenes). Historically gas prices
* Alkylate prepared in the alkylation unit with a high octane rating and which is pure paraffin (alkane), mainly branched chains. Historical Gas Prices
* Isomerate (different names), which is produced by isomerising in pentane and hexane [citation needed] in the light of Virgin naphtha yield their higher octane isomers. Historically gas prices
(The terms used here are not always correct chemical terms. They tend to be jargon used in the oil industry. The exact terms of these streams, depending on the plant and the country.) Historically gas prices
In general, a typical gasoline mixture mainly of paraffins (alkanes), naphthenes (Cycloalkanes) and olefins (alkenes). Exact figures may vary from Historical Gas Prices
* Refineries make gasoline, as not all refineries have the same set of processing units.
* Oil feed used in refineries.
* Marks of gasoline, in particular, the octane number. Historical Gas Prices
Currently many countries set tight limits on gasoline aromatics in general, benzene in particular, and olefin (alkene) content. This increase in demand for high octane pure paraffin (alkane) components, such as alkylate, and is forcing refineries to add processing units reduce the benzene content. Historical Gas Prices
Gasoline can also contain some other organic compounds such as organic ethers (deliberately added), plus small levels of pollutants, particularly sulfur compounds, such as disulfides and thiophenes. Some contaminants, in particular thiols and hydrogen sulfide should be removed because they can Historical Gas Prices cause corrosion in engines. Historical Gas Prices Sulfur compounds are usually removed hydrotreating, yielding hydrogen sulfide, which can then be converted to elemental sulfur using the Claus process. Historically gas prices
Density Historical Gas Prices
Specific density of gasoline ranged from 0.67-0.77, increasing density, with more aromatics. [6] (0.026 lb/in3; 719,7 kg/m3; 6,073 lbs / US Gal, 7.29 lb / imp Gal). Historically gas prices Gasoline floats on water, that water can not be used to extinguish the fire with gasoline. Because of its specific density, and relatively incompressibility even under extreme pressure, benzene was chosen as the Historical Gas Pricesliquid in the float Batiskaf Trieste, the ship which has reached record-breaking depth of 10,900 meters (35,761 feet), in the deepest part of the ocean to any land. Historical Gas Prices
The main part of a typical gasoline consists of hydrocarbons at the age of 4 to 12 carbon atoms in a molecule [4].
Many of these hydrocarbons are considered hazardous substances and are regulated by the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Material Safety Data Sheet for unleaded gasoline shows at least fifteen hazardous chemicals occurring in various amounts. These include benzene (up to 5% by volume), toluene (up to 35% by volume), naphthalene (up to 1% by volume), trimethylbenzene (up to 7% by volume), MTBE (up to 18% by volume) and about a dozen others. [5] However, no additive MTBE to gasoline in some states. Historical Gas Prices Historically gas prices
The various refinery streams are mixed together to make gasoline, all have different characteristics. Some important streams are: Historical Gas Prices Historically gas prices
* Reformate, produced in a catalytic reformer with a high octane rating and high aromatic content, and very low olefins (alkenes).
* Cat Cracked Gasoline or Cat Cracked Naphtha, produced from a catalytic cracker, with a moderate octane rating, high olefins (alkene) content, as well as moderate levels of aromatics. Here, "cat" is an acronym for "CATALYTIC". Historically gas prices
* Hydrocrackate (heavy, medium and light), is produced from a hydrocracker, with medium-low octane rating and moderate aromatic levels. Historical Gas Prices
* Virgin or Straight-run Naphtha (has many names), directly from crude oil with low octane rating, low aromatics (depending on oil), some naphthenes (Cycloalkanes) and not olefins (alkenes). Historically gas prices
* Alkylate prepared in the alkylation unit with a high octane rating and which is pure paraffin (alkane), mainly branched chains. Historical Gas Prices
* Isomerate (different names), which is produced by isomerising in pentane and hexane [citation needed] in the light of Virgin naphtha yield their higher octane isomers. Historically gas prices
(The terms used here are not always correct chemical terms. They tend to be jargon used in the oil industry. The exact terms of these streams, depending on the plant and the country.) Historically gas prices
In general, a typical gasoline mixture mainly of paraffins (alkanes), naphthenes (Cycloalkanes) and olefins (alkenes). Exact figures may vary from Historical Gas Prices
* Refineries make gasoline, as not all refineries have the same set of processing units.
* Oil feed used in refineries.
* Marks of gasoline, in particular, the octane number. Historical Gas Prices
Currently many countries set tight limits on gasoline aromatics in general, benzene in particular, and olefin (alkene) content. This increase in demand for high octane pure paraffin (alkane) components, such as alkylate, and is forcing refineries to add processing units reduce the benzene content. Historical Gas Prices
Gasoline can also contain some other organic compounds such as organic ethers (deliberately added), plus small levels of pollutants, particularly sulfur compounds, such as disulfides and thiophenes. Some contaminants, in particular thiols and hydrogen sulfide should be removed because they can Historical Gas Prices cause corrosion in engines. Historical Gas Prices Sulfur compounds are usually removed hydrotreating, yielding hydrogen sulfide, which can then be converted to elemental sulfur using the Claus process. Historically gas prices
Density Historical Gas Prices
Specific density of gasoline ranged from 0.67-0.77, increasing density, with more aromatics. [6] (0.026 lb/in3; 719,7 kg/m3; 6,073 lbs / US Gal, 7.29 lb / imp Gal). Historically gas prices Gasoline floats on water, that water can not be used to extinguish the fire with gasoline. Because of its specific density, and relatively incompressibility even under extreme pressure, benzene was chosen as the Historical Gas Pricesliquid in the float Batiskaf Trieste, the ship which has reached record-breaking depth of 10,900 meters (35,761 feet), in the deepest part of the ocean to any land. Historical Gas Prices
